The primary goal of STPs is to protect public health and the environment by treating wastewater before it is released into rivers, lakes, or oceans. The treatment process involves several stages, including screening, primary treatment, secondary treatment, and tertiary treatment. During the screening stage, large objects and debris are removed from the wastewater. In the primary treatment stage, the wastewater is allowed to settle, and solids are removed from the surface. In the secondary treatment stage, biological processes are used to remove organic matter and nutrients from the wastewater. Finally, in the tertiary treatment stage, additional physical, biological, or chemical processes are used to remove any remaining pollutants or contaminants from the wastewater.
STPs are essential for maintaining a healthy and safe environment, as untreated wastewater can contain harmful pathogens, pollutants, and contaminants that can pose a threat to public health and the environment. STPs are also important for conserving water resources by recycling wastewater for other uses, such as irrigation or industrial processes. Overall, STPs play a critical role in protecting public health and the environment by treating wastewater before it is released back into the environment.